...yet all finally validated, are far more consistent with the latest findings of the human sciences: 1. The expenditure of physical and mental effort in work is as natural as play or rest. 2. External control and the threat of punishment are not the only means of bringing about...

...nan relatively little ambition, wants security above all." A "Theory T" person believes that: "(1) The expenditure of physical and mental effort In work Is as natural as play or rest. ... (2) External control and the threat of punishment are not the only means for bringing...

...to avoid responsibility, has relatively little ambition, wants security. Theory Y holds that — 1. The expenditure of physical and mental effort in work is as natural as play or rest. 2. External control and the threat of punishment are not the only means for bringing about...

...McGregor challenged the validity of these assumptions and proposed instead his Theory Y, which held that: The expenditure of physical and mental effort in work is as natural as play or rest. The average human being does not dislike work inherently. External control and the threat...

...security above all. (Summary from Peters and Waterman 1982: 95) His theory 'Y', in contrast, assumed, (1) the expenditure of physical and mental effort in work is as natural as in play or rest - the typical human doesn't inherendy dislike work, (2) external control and threat...

...Theory Y. The assumptions underlying Theory Y, as described by McGregor (1960), are as follows: 1. "The expenditure of physical and mental effort in work is as natural as play or work." (p. 47) 2. "External control and threat of punishment are not the only means for bringing...

...ambition, and wants security above all. The Theory Y model, in contrast, makes these assumptions: 1 . The expenditure of physical and mental effort in work is as natural as play or rest. 2. External control and the threat of punishment are not the only means for bringing about...

...to avoid responsibility, has relatively little ambition and above all wants security. Theory Y 1 . The expenditure of physical and mental effort in work is as natural as play or rest. 2. External control and the threat of punishment are not the only means for bringing about...

...directed, threatened with punishment to get them to put forth adequate effort towards the Theory Y 1 The expenditure of physical and mental effort in work is as natural as play or rest. The average human being does not inherently dislike work. Depending upon controllable conditions,...

...assumptions: "Theory Y." Like Theory X, it had a first postulate from which its other principles flowed: the "expenditure of physical and mental effort in work is as natural as play and rest. The average human being does not inherently dislike work. Depending upon controllable conditions, work...